نشریه عصب روانشناسی بالینی ورزشی
سال دوم شماره 2 (بهار 1401)

 Depression and anxiety are two common signs of many mental disorders. Transcranial direct current stimulation (tDCS) was developed to help patients with traumatic brain injury. This stud aimed to determine the effectiveness of tDCS on depression and anxiety of a person with major depressive disorder.

This is a true experimental study with a pretest-posttest design and a control group. The population of the study included persons with MDD. The sample included 30 women with MDD in the 5th district of Tehran; they were selected with the purposive sample method. They completed Beck’s depression inventory-II (Beck et al.; 1996) and Beck’s anxiety inventory (Beck et al.; 1989) in pretest and posttest. The experimental group received ten sessions of tDCS. Data were analyzed with two samples T-tests in SPSS-26.

 The results indicate that the mean differences in the pretest-posttest of depression and anxiety were higher in the tDCS experimental group than in the control group (p<0.05).

 It is concluded that the tDCS can reduce the depression and anxiety of women with MDD.

 Adolescence is a sensitive and stressful period; adolescents may exaggeratedly perceive stress; adolescent athletes also experience competition stress. This study aimed to determine the effectiveness of compassion focused therapy (CFT) on the perceived stress of adolescent volleyball players.

 This research is a quasi-experimental study with pretest-posttest design. The participants were 16 young volleyball players from Tehran that they were selected by convenience smapling method. They completed the Perceived Stress Questionnaire (Cohen et al., 1983). Data were analyzed by analysis of covariance.

 The results showed that the CFT is an effective method for the perceived stress of adolescent volleyball players (p<0.05).

 It can be concluded that CFT can reduce the perceived stress of adolescent volleyball players.

 The spread of the coronavirus has caused a severe crisis in the world and has caused many psychological and emotional damages. This research aimed to determine the effectiveness of the desensitization method with eye movements and reprocessing (EMDR) on anxiety and controlling negative emotions regarding the covid-19 disease.

 The present research method is quasi-experimental with a pretest-posttest design. The statistical population of the research was women referring to Akbar Abad Health Center of Tehran University of Medical Sciences. From the current population, a sample size of 30 people was selected by the purposive sampling method. They were randomly assigned to two groups (15 participants in each group). The state-trait anxiety questionnaire (Spilberger et al., 1983) and the emotional regulation questionnaire (Gross & John, 2003) were used to collect data. In addition, the experimental group received EMDR (Shapiro, 2017).

 The results showed that the EMDR method significantly reduced anxiety and controlled negative emotions regarding the covid-19 disease (p<0.05).

 It is concluded that with the EMDR method, anxiety and negative emotions can be improved.

 Language, the most important means for sharing information between sport psychologist and athletes, has a fundamental role in conceptualizing the issues and formulating interventions. Due to perceptual limitations, initial changes naturally occur in the meaning of the sensory information that enters the nervous system. The second stage of transforming meanings occurs when the clients interpret the received information and verbalize it. This paper aims to evaluate the implications of spoken language in the transformational grammar approach to improve sports performance by gaining a more comprehensive understanding of the clients and increasing the effectiveness of the interventions.

 This paper is a commentary on the role of language in counseling sport psychology.

 This paper introduces the use of transformational grammar and clearing meanings in language.

 Clearing the meanings of the language that athletes use in counseling sessions would contribute to a comprehensive understating of the actual difficulties that athletes face. Also, clearing language may prepare the ground for achieving the goals of the particular intervention through raising self-awareness and reframing thoughts.

Schizophrenia is a chronic mental disorder in which positive and negative symptoms play an important role in its prognosis. Exercise-based interventions as a non-pharmacological treatment play a crucial role in rehabilitation and treatment management of negative symptoms and cognitive function of these patients due to its positive mental and physical effects. The present study aimed to evaluate the effectiveness of different sport and exercise training on improving the negative symptoms and cognitive deficiences of patients with schizophrenia.

To find documents related to the effect of exercise on improving the negative and cognitive symptoms of schizophrenia, keywords were created and searched in the databases of Google, Yahoo, Science Direct and SID. They were then divided into three areas: "The effect of exercise on schizophrenia," Improving cognitive function through exercise "and treatment of negative symptoms of schizophrenia with exercise program".

Fidings: 

The results showed that different exercise programs such as aerobic, strength and yoga exercises are effective in improving the negative symptoms of schizophrenia and cognitive function. Also, the results showed that drug treatment has no effect on improving the negative symptoms in schizophrenic patients. Aerobic exercise improves attention, processing speed, memory and performance. Aerobic exercise plays an important role in combating cognitive impairment, memory, hippocampal volume, and nerve flexibility. Yoga, in particular, improves long-term memory.

Exercise can improve clinical signs, global functioning, quality of life and depressive symptoms in schizophrenia. In particular, the greatest effect has been observed with the improvement of negative symptoms, which has promising consequences for the future performance outcomes of these patients.

This study aimed to investigate the relationship between women's participation in rhythmic sports programs with emotional, psychological, social, and cultural factors.

The research method was descriptive correlation and data collection in the field and applied using a questionnaire and terms of using the results. The study's population includes all women participating in rhythmic sports movements in 1-4 districts of Tehran. First, SPSS Sample Power software was used to calculate the sample size. Then 384 persons were randomly selected. First, the participants completed the researcher-made questionnaire of women's participation in exercise programs, the emotional, social, and cultural factors questionnaire, and the psychological factors questionnaire (Goldberg, 1972). Then, data were analyzed using descriptive statistics, skew and tensile statistics, heuristic analysis, confirmatory factor analysis, and Pearson correlation coefficient test.

 The results showed a significant relationship between women's participation in rhythmic sports programs and emotional, social, psychological, and cultural factors (p<0.05).

There is a significant relationship between women's participation in rhythmic sports programs and cultural factors.